Papillomas in the body

Papillomas on the body are benign formations of an infectious nature. Strains 16 and 18 predominantly have a tendency to degenerate into malignant forms (more than 100 species are known in total). Wart and papilloma are synonymous terms.

Disease features:

1. It occurs in people of any age, especially in women (the number of detected cases is 1. 5 times higher than in men).
2. Infection occurs through household or sexual contact. It remains unnoticed for a long time, as the virus does not have a strong effect on the immune system. Furthermore, after introduction into the genome, only the viral DNA remains, not the virus itself (it is almost impossible to remove).
3. There are a number of vaccines designed to reduce infections and reduce susceptibility to the viral agent.
4. Immunity after an infection is type specific, non-crossed, non-stressed, low, which means the possibility of reinfection.

Causes

The main reason for the appearance of papilloma in the body is the human papillomavirus (HPV, papillomavirus). It belongs to viruses that contain DNA, which explains its ability to integrate into the human genome and change its structure. The virus enters the bloodstream through microdamage and settles in the basal layer of the epidermis. The division occurs only at the germ layer level, in the rest the virus can be detected, but there is no division at these levels.

There are several clinical forms of the disease:

• manifest - primary infection with a virus in people with reduced immunity;
• subclinical - a form in which manifestations of this pathology periodically occur, followed by long-term relapses;
• latent - a form associated with the direct integration of the virus into the genome (transport).

Predisposing factors in the development of neoplasms:

1. Skin damage. The virus is not able to enter the bloodstream without at least a minimal injury to the skin, which serves as a gateway for infection.
2. Reduced immunity. HPV can be attributed to conditionally pathogenic viruses, which makes it dangerous for humans in case of suppression of a normal cellular or humoral immune response.
3. Failure to comply with hygiene rules when visiting public places. The virus is contagious and infection can occur even at low concentrations in the environment.
4. Violation of the normal diet, constant stress and lack of adequate rest lead to suppression of the immune system, the body becomes vulnerable to the action of the pathogen.
5. Frequent inflammatory and infectious diseases lead to a breakdown of the immune system (this is especially important for people who are frequently sick).
6. Human papillomavirus can also be transmitted from mother to child at birth (vertical transmission).

External manifestations

The external manifestations of papillomas in the photo have the following characteristics:

1. Multiple protruding formations above the surface of the skin. They can take the form of a classic wart (a flat lesion on a broad stalk) or have a thin stalk and hang over the skin like a cock's comb.
2. The color rarely differs from the surrounding tissues. The exception is cases of formation germination in the superficial vascular network, in which case it acquires a reddish hue. A rapid color change signals a possible rebirth (differentiation with moles is also carried out).
3. The contour is usually even and clear. Exceptions are formations that have degenerated into a tumor.
4. The surface is generally smooth and a little shiny. In the case of location in the region of the upper eyelids, neck, armpits, the surface is often irregular with sharp cauliflower-like elevations.
5. The diameter varies from small foci of a few millimeters to 1-2 cm, and formations of different calibers may be present in the same part of the human body. If the papilloma grows too fast, a medical consultation is necessary.

How to get rid of papillomas

Treatment of papillomas on the body takes place according to a unique scheme, regardless of the exact location (for each specific type there is an optimal option or combination):

1. Destructive methods (physical and chemical).
2. Combined techniques (simultaneous action of local drugs and destructive treatment options).

It is allowed to treat papillomas with cytotoxic and immunological preparations only under the condition of a total process (papillomatosis, that is, a very large number of papillomas in the body). In cases with single formations, such therapy is not performed due to the large number of side effects and cross-reactions in drugs of these groups.

Destruction methods

Destructive treatment options are the same for all types of skin lesions caused by HPV. They are divided into physical and chemical.

Physical destruction methods:

Method	Description
electrocoagulation	The formation is cut into layers of healthy skin (a fairly deep defect can form, which will heal for a long time). In the condition of deep injury, it is performed under local anesthesia with lidocaine solution (2%). For this, a needle electrode is used.
cryodestruction	Liquid nitrogen, nitrous oxide or carbon dioxide is usually used. The exposure time is selected taking into account the location and extent of the lesion. Several sessions with a frequency of 7 to 10 days are often required.
laser destruction	Layer-by-layer removal of a skin neoplasm using a focused beam of light of a particular wave. On average, exposure can last from 5 seconds to 3 minutes, depending on the extent of the injury. As a result, a crust appears at the site of the injury. Afterwards, dressings are needed until the wound heals. The procedure is done under local anesthesia.
radiosurgical destruction	The formation is destroyed by the action of an electromagnetic wave in the range of 100 kHz to 105 MHz. In this case, the tissues are heated and local necrosis occurs (suitable for removing small foci).

Folk remedies

At home, it is permissible to get rid of the growth with traditional medicine, but it should be borne in mind that its effectiveness is low. Also, before starting this treatment, it is necessary to consult a specialist to differentiate papillomas from various other skin diseases with similar manifestations.

Means	Recipe
Celandine Juice	Knead the stem of the plant with the obtained fresh juice, clean the affected area 3-5 times a day for 10 days.
potato juice	Grate raw potatoes to porridge, squeeze and clean the formation with the resulting juice 2-3 times a day. The course of treatment is 4-5 weeks.
onion juice	Finely chop 1 onion, press a little until juice appears. Apply the resulting paste on the spot for 10-15 minutes 2-3 times a day. Treatment should be carried out for 3 weeks.
Calendula	Crush several flowers in a mortar, apply the resulting mixture to the affected area and set for 30 minutes. Repeat the procedure morning and evening for 21 days.